https://youtu.be/VjNzjkotjqo
In our verse-by-verse study of Romans we are working on verse 11 and before we stopped last time we were looking at the Greek word "sterizo" that is translated into "established" in the NASB and many other English translations.
The phrase "so you may be established" is comprised of- the preposition "eis" plus the accusative of the definite article with an aorist passive infinitive. The verb in the infinitive is "sterizo". The aorist passive infinitive means to receive strength or stability.
"Sterizo" was used by Homer, so it is a very old verb going back to the ninth century BC. Homer used it to describe making something secure or stable or something that would hold fast as a ship's mast. After Homer's time it came to mean to support or to fix something so that it would stand upright in position and be immovable.
The passive voice: means to become established or stabilized. The aorist tense views the daily repetitive function of developing spiritual strength from learning God's Word of truth consistently emphasizing the results that occur from understanding the power that comes from maturity adjustment to God's justice. Learning doctrine secures and stabilizes and strengthens believers.
Remember when believers are protected by God's power it is His justice that secures that protection because what God's righteousness demands God's justice executes and God's protection does not fail because God is immutable.
The passive voice: the believer receives maturity adjustment to God's justice through consistent positive volition toward the teaching of Bible doctrine under the ministry of God the Holy Spirit.
The infinitive is an intended result whereby the result is indicated as fulfilling an objective in the soul of Paul. His objective is to communicate doctrine. The infinitive result conflates cause and effect or purpose and result.
The accusative plural from the pronoun "hymeis" translated "you" has the Roman believers in view. In writing it down it has all generations of believers in view, since it is a part of the Word of God.
This is an accusative of general reference where the accusative acts as the subject of the infinitive. It describes the people connected with the infinitive so it is simplified by saying the accusative becomes the subject of the infinitive.
Rom 1:11; expanded translation: "For I am longing to see you, that I may share with you something of importance from my spiritual gift, with the result that you might be stabilized."
Principle: God provides believers with a spiritual gift of communication to communicate His Word of truth whenever and wherever there is positive volition to His Word. God's omniscience knows where positive volition is.
This is why Paul is supposed to go to Rome and then Spain where there is positive volition and not go to Jerusalem where there is negative volition.
Rom 1:12; "That is." translated from " Touto de estin" is an idiom that begins this verse. The nominative neuter singular from the demonstrative pronoun "touto". This is called a near or immediate demonstrative. When the near demonstrative occurs it always refers to something that is extremely important and separates it off into a special category.
In this case what is near is Paul teaching doctrine to the Romans. With this is the adversative particle "de' that emphasizes the contrast between Paul's spiritual gift and the gifts of the Roman believers that at the moment is unexploited because of lack of capacity from doctrine.
Principle: Without capacity from doctrine no spiritual gift can be exploited.
The Roman believers have spiritual gifts, and once these gifts are developed and begin to function Paul will be encouraged. A communicator is only encouraged when there is positive volition in the congregation. In other words, a pastor's encouragement comes from consistent persistent positive volition and response to his teaching of God's word of truth.
Paul is describing the symbiotic relationship that exists between the communicator of doctrine and those who have a positive response to that communication that results in mutual encouragement.
The English word "encourage" is translated from the aorist passive infinitive from the compound verb "sumparakaleo (sum is the preposition sun that means together with; parakaleo means to invite, to persuade, to comfort.
This is the same word root that Jesus used to describe the work of God the Holy Spirit in His absence in John 14:26;
Rom 1:12; In the passive voice it means to receive encouragement together. The Roman believers will be encouraged as they learn doctrine and Paul will be encouraged by having a positive congregation. The aorist is a constantive aorist, it contemplates Paul's ministry of teaching all categories of doctrine.
Paul will be mutually encouraged as the Romans begin to gain spiritual momentum from his teaching and begin advancing to spiritual maturity. This advance is maximum adjustment to God's justice. The mutual relationship is reciprocal and symbiotic.
The passive voice: Paul who is constantly teaching receives encouragement to continue teaching by the advance of the Roman believers. The infinitive has not occurred yet, so it is an infinitive of intended result, it fulfils a deliberate objective of doctrinal teaching that results in maximum adjustment to God's justice.
With this is a prepositional phrase "en" plus the instrumental plural of "hymeis" translated you. We are in the introduction of this epistle. It is a very personal introduction that expresses personal principles.
There is a principle of relationship between a communicator and his congregation. The communicator must be faithful in studying and in teaching. The congregation must be faithful in listening.
As the congregation begins to listen and understand it becomes an encouragement to the communicator to do an even better job, and to dig deeper and deeper into a passage in order to discover as much as possible.
So the expanded translation of verse 12 up to this point is "That is so that I may receive encouragement together with you."
"by mutual faith both of you" is translated from the preposition "dia" plus the genitive of "pistis" translated "faith" but a better translation is "doctrine."
"of you" from the possessive genitive plural from the pronoun "hymeis", referring to the Romans; the possessive genitive singular from the pronoun "ego" translated "mine" referring to Paul; plus the locative plural of the reciprocal pronoun "allelon" translated "each other."
Rom 1:12; expanded translation: "that is to receive encouragement together with you through each other's doctrine both yours and mine.