https://youtu.be/EHVt5Rkg1ug
In our verse by verse study of Romans we are in Rom 6:21; that in the Greek starts with "what then" followed by the correlative adverb "tote" (then or at that time), referring to a previous situation, so Paul is referencing a former time that is the time as an unbeliever between physical birth and salvation.
The NASB translation is "Therefore what benefit did you have at that time?" Plus the prepositional phrase "eis" (on) plus the dative plural from the relative pronoun "hos" (which) so we have "on which".
In the Greek there are no words to translate as "the things" but because of the elliptical nature of the Greek text something must be inserted for clarity in the English so in our translation we will add "from the trends" instead of "the things" in the NASB.
So we have "from the trends on which." Plus the present active indicative from the verb "epaischynoma" (are ashamed). In both passive and middle voice it means to be ashamed.
With it an adverb of time, "nun" (now) "you are now ashamed." The present tense is a descriptive present of "epaischynomai" to indicate what is occurring at the moment. They are embarrassed and ashamed of their past actions.
The passive voice: the believer receives the action of the verb, shame, so he receives the shame from acquiring an understanding of doctrine. The indicative mood is a potential indicative of responsibility.
The potential indicative means that everyone doesn't understand this doctrine, but it could mean that they are in the process of learning it. The implied answer the question is that there is "no benefit."
"for the outcome of those things is death" this is not referring to physical death. The postpositive explanatory particle "gar" (for), plus the nominative singular subject "telos" (end, conclusion, result or outcome) plus the descriptive genitive plural from "ekainos" (of those).
"ekainos" implies that the Roman believers have advanced spiritually from metabolized doctrine to the point where were having some experiential victory over the old sin nature's rule over their physical human life.
Plus the predicate nominative singular from "thanatos" (death) referring to spiritual death in time that left unresolved will be parlayed into the second death in eternity. This is a reference to the great white throne judgment of Rev 20:12-15.
Rom 6:21; Since all personal sins were imputed to Jesus Christ on the cross and judged in Jesus this implies the judgment of human good and evil. There is no sin to be judged at the last judgment because Jesus took on Himself the judgment for all of the personal sins of the entire human race but human good and evil remain to be judged.
A spiritually dead person that is described Eph 2:1; can only produce the dead works of Heb 6:1. Dead works do not ever please God. Not in time Rom 8:8; or in eternity Rev 20:14-15.
Expanded Translation Rom 6:21; "Therefore, what benefit were you having at that time from old sin nature trends over which you are now ashamed? For the end of those things (the OSN trends) is death."
Rom 6:22; describes the benefits of freedom from the old sin nature. "But now having been free from the sin." In the Greek this phrase is identical first phrase in Rom 6:18;
The postpositive conjunctive particle "de" (but) is used as an adversative conjunction to emphasize a contrast with the previous phrase that emphasizes the second death as the outcome or result of the rulership of the old sin nature over physical human life.
So we have a contrast between the status of unsaved unbelievers and status of saved believers, the difference is a difference of lordship. The old sin nature is the lord of the unsaved person and the Lord Jesus Christ is the Lord of the saved person.
With this is an adverb of time "nuni" (now) with the aorist passive participle of "eleutheroo" (free, having been freed or having been set free). The aorist tense is a constantive aorist that views the action of the verb in its entirety.
Here it refers to the momentary action of salvation with emphasis on the baptism of the Spirit and God's transfer of rulership of physical human life from the sin nature to Jesus Christ. The passive voice: the believer receives the action of the verb instantaneously at the moment they believe in Jesus Christ for salvation.
This is a circumstantial participle. A prepositional phrase "apo" (from) follows plus the ablative of "hamartia" (sin) with the definite article "ho" (the) making it monadic so it refers specifically to the sin nature. "But now, having been set free from the sin nature (the OSN's rule)."
This is positional deliverance is accomplished through the baptism of the Holy Spirit combined with retroactive and current positional truth.
Positional freedom is separation from the old sin nature as the slave master and this occurs from the application of retroactive positional truth that first of all results in the rejection of the old sin nature's function of human good that is the predicate for separation from the experiential production of human good and evil.
Retroactive positional truth identifies the believer with Jesus Christ in His spiritual death where non-imputation of good and evil signifies the rejection of human good and evil.
Being identified with Jesus Christ in His spiritual death means that positionally we have rejected satan's policy of good and evil and the function of the old sin nature as the ruler of physical human life.
Retroactive positional truth identifies the believer with Christ in His physical death and burial where God totally separated Him from good and evil.
Being identified with Christ in His physical death and burial means that we are positionally separated from satan's policy of good and evil that is the basis for satan's rule over the present evil world, and the function of the old sin nature as ruler of physical human life that experientially produces human good and evil under according to the orders of the sin nature.
"and become slaves to the God" the postpositive conjunctive particle "de"(and), that this time is used to simply connect two clauses where a contrast is intended. Plus the aorist active participle of "douloo" (enslaved or under subjection).
The culminative aorist views the salvation action in its entirety but emphasizes the result, of the new relationship. The passive voice: the believer receives the action of the verb at salvation through the baptism of the Spirit that makes Jesus Christ Lord of every believer.
With this is the dative singular indirect object from the proper noun for God with the article "ho" (the) so we have "ho Theos" (the God).
The definite article makes it monadic so it explains the fact that God the Father is a specific person separate from God the Son and God the Holy Spirit so we have "and having become slaves to the God specifically God the Father."
Salvation is a transfer of slavery from the tyranny of the old sin nature, to the blessing and security of God the Father. The judicial imputation of God the Father's righteousness, and the real imputation of eternal life to its divinely prepared home of regeneration, brands the believer as a slave to God the Father forever.
Because of current positional truth Jesus Christ is Lord of every believer, regardless of his or her experiential situation. While freedom is necessary for the believer's testimony in the angelic conflict freedom is not necessary for the believer's relationship with God.
All great relationships in life include some concept of slavery because the slavery means security and security means blessing because there is no real blessing unless there is security.
This slavery is the basis for God providing believers more than Adam and the woman lost in the Garden of Eden. Our slavery requires a rigid schedule of learning Bible doctrine under God's GASP protocol.
"you have the benefit resulting in sanctification" the present active indicative of the verb "echo" (to have or to have and to hold or possess. The present tense is a retroactive progressive present, describing what started in the past with the believer's positive volition toward the doctrine of the Gospel.
That positive volition continues into the present time and it advances the believer through every distraction in human life because the believer understands that this is the only way to attain God's spiritual objectives so the positive believer advances toward God's objectives regardless of any other factors in life.
The active voice: the believer produces the action of the verb through consistent and persistent faithful perception of Bible doctrine. The indicative mood is declarative representing the verbal concept from the viewpoint of reality.
Plus the accusative singular direct object from "karpos" (fruit or benefit) Plus the genitive plural from the personal pronoun "hymeis" (your), so we have "your benefit."
What is the benefit? "eis" (for) plus the accusative of "hagismos" (holiness, consecration, or sanctification) referring to the sanctification that refers to advancing to spiritual maturity from maximum metabolized doctrine in the thinking from consistent function under GASP that establishes metabolized Bible doctrine in the soul that fulfils the principle: potential + capacity = reality.
The benefit of slavery to God the Father is that it results in experiential sanctification or maturity adjustment to God's justice. This attainment of spiritual maturity involves the filling ministry of the Holy Spirit that is maintained by rebound adjustment to God's justice plus the daily function of GASP resulting in maximum doctrine resident and circulating in the thinking.
This results in maximum glorification of God, and maximum blessing from God's justice. This maximum blessing from maturity adjustment to God's justice is insulated against any and all historical adversity because of the encapsulated environment of the grace pipeline that is established from God's justice.
The benefit with reference to sanctification or maturity adjustment to God's justice is maximum blessing flowing through the grace pipeline to the mature believer.
"and the end everlasting life" this is where we get to use the life that was imputed to us at salvation. The postpositive particle "de" (and) plus the nominative singular subject from "telos" (the goal, the end, the final objective of life on earth) followed by "zoe" (life) plus "aionion" (eternal or everlasting)
Expanded Translation Rom 6:22; "But now having been set free from the sin nature, and having become slaves to the God, you are having benefit with reference to sanctification, resulting in everlasting life."
This does not imply that everlasting life only belongs to the mature believer. It just means that everlasting life is going to be more rewarding, more beneficial and convey more blessing, to the mature believer because of their capacity from doctrine.
Everlasting life belongs to all believers in Jesus Christ. It is a real imputation at the point of salvation to every believer but the believers who are going to enjoy it the most are those who complete their advance to spiritual maturity during their human life in time.
Spiritual benefit and blessing from God's justice comes from being slaves to God the Father. This transfer of slavery from the old sin nature to God the Father occurs at the moment of salvation.
No longer does the sin nature provide rations and pay. Now God's justice provides rations and pay. Maximum blessing from God's justice occurs at maturity adjustment to God's justice from the daily function of GASP that results in maximum metabolized doctrine resident in the thinking.
The believer receives benefit from advancing to spiritual maturity. At the end of physical life on earth there follows eternal life and the parlaying of the blessings in time into the blessings of eternity. The plan has both temporal and eternal security as well as temporal and eternal blessing. Where God blesses there is always security because security is a part of every blessing from God.