https://youtu.be/zx9G84xrByI
In our verse by verse study of Romans last time we finished our expanded translation of Rom 8:10; "In fact if Christ is in you, on the one hand the body is dead (carnal or reversionistic death) because of the sin nature; but on the other hand the Spirit is life because of imputed righteousness."
We have been discussing the judicial imputation of God's righteousness, the indwelling ministry of the Holy Spirit, and the inner conflict that is created in our mental attitude that is based on God's viewpoint opposing human viewpoint.
Now all of these things come together in an application of ultimate sanctification, the future possession of a resurrection body without the old sin nature and its production of human good.
Rom 8:11; "But if the Spirit of him that raised up Jesus from the dead dwells in you" the transitional use of the conjunction "de" (but) with the conditional conjunction "ei" (if) in the first class condition because the verb translated "dwells" is in the indicative mood; "But since"
With the nominative singular subject "pneuma" (spirit) referring to God the Holy Spirit with the ablative singular of source from the definite article "ho" (the one) that is used as a personal pronoun referring to God the Father who sent the Holy Spirit.
So we have "but if the Spirit from Him." Then a reference to resurrection; the aorist active participle of "egeiro" (raised) in the constantive aorist tense that describes the instantaneous action of the resurrection of the humanity of Jesus Christ.
The active voice tells us that God the Holy Spirit produced the action of raising Jesus Christ from the dead. We see here that God the Holy Spirit had a part in the resurrection of Jesus Christ.
This was a part of the Holy Spirit's sustaining ministry of Jesus during His earthly ministry in His unglorified body. The name "Jesus" is the accusative singular direct object from "Iesous" (Jesus) with the generic use of the definite article "ho" (the) so we have "the Jesus" that emphasizes Jesus Christ's humanity since Jesus Christ's deity did not need to be resurrected.
The article makes it monadic so it emphasizes the fact that Jesus' humanity is absolutely unique because it was different from the body that every other member of the human race has even though it looked the same.
Then the preposition "ek" (from) plus the ablative plural of "nekros" (deaths) the plural of death has no definite article so we have "from deaths." No definite article makes it anarthrous so it refers to the quality of Jesus' two deaths on the cross so we have "from deaths."
The resurrection being described refers to His spiritual as well as His physical death. When our Lord's humanity was raised from the dead the Father and the Spirit both raised Him, so both are agents of Jesus Christ's resurrection.
The fact that God the Father is the agent of resurrection is explained in Col 2:12; 1Thes 1:10; 1Peter 1:21.
The fact that God the Holy Spirit is also the agent of resurrection is explained in Rom 1:4; and our verse Rom 8:11;
The preposition "ek" (from) is a special here because it has a definite article with it so instead of being anartharous it is monadic.
If it had no definite article it would imply that Jesus was raised from among dead ones just like everyone else. But because there is a definite article here it is unique so it is describing His unique resurrection from the two deaths that Jesus died on the cross.
So we have "Now if the Spirit from Him (God the Father) who has raised up the Jesus from the deaths (spiritual and physical)." "Dwell in you" is a present active indicative of the verb "oikeo" (dwell) in this case it not only means to dwell but to reside or live, with the preposition "en " (in) so we have "indwells or lives in you."
The present tense is a static present for a condition that exists forever. The active voice: the Holy Spirit produces the action of the verb. The indicative mood is declarative for a statement of reality that establishes the first class condition of "if".
The final preposition phrase in the verse tells us that God the Holy Spirit not only indwells believers for a purpose in time but He also indwells believers for a purpose in the future. The preposition "en" (in) plus the locative plural of "su" (you) refers to all Church Age believers.
This is telling us that there is another purpose of the Spirit that has to do with the future. The Holy Spirit indwells us at the present time as a down payment on our future resurrection body that is going to be the target, the home, or the residence for future blessing from God's justice in eternity.
All of the rewards and blessings of eternity are imputations from God's justice and they must be imputed to a home or a target. The home or the target is the resurrection body exclusive of the old sin nature and its human good. The blessing from God in eternity is a real imputation.
"He that raised up Christ from the dead" this is God the Holy Spirit. This is the aorist active participle of the verb "egeiro" (raised). The aorist tense is a constantive aorist for an instantaneous action so the resurrection of the humanity of Christ that was accomplished by God the Holy Spirit was instantaneous.
The active voice: the Holy Spirit produces the action of the verb. The participle is circumstantial. It is followed by the prepositional phrase "ek" (from) plus "nekros" in the plural again so it is (deaths) so we have "He who raised Christ Jesus from the deaths."
"will also give life" the future active indicative of the verb "zoopoieo" ("zoo" means to be a living thing or being "poieo" means to make or to do) so it literally means to make alive or to give life.
When it is followed by a dative case it means to give life to something if it is followed by the accusative as here, it means to make something alive.
This is a predictive future tense that is describing what is going to happen in the future at the Exit Resurrection. The active voice: the Holy Spirit produces the action of the verb by providing a resurrection body for every Church Age believer.
The indicative mood is declarative for a dogmatic statement of reality. The one who indwells us in time is also going to also give us a resurrection body. The adjunctive use of "kai" (and) means "also" in this case.
"Your mortal bodies" tells us why the Holy Spirit indwells us now, and provides us a new body at the Exit Resurrection. "Mortal" explains our weakness and the cause of our weakness.
The word translated "mortal" is the accusative plural direct object from "thanatos" (death). It is correctly translated "mortal" in the sense of describing the weakness, fragility, and temporary nature of biological life. With this adjective is the plural of the noun "soma" (bodies).
If God the Holy Spirit can sustain us in the devil's world where satan is not only the ruler of this world but the old sin nature is the sovereign of biological life; if He indwells us to sustain, to protect us, to give us capacity for life, to keep us in the perspective of God's grace, and to keep us from arrogance and inordinate ambition, then He must also have a relationship with us in the future when we are no longer in this tenuous situation.
"Through His Spirit that dwells in you" "dia " (by, by means of or through) plus the ablative means "his Spirit. "Dia" (through plus the ablative of "pneuma" (spirit) is an unusual construction.
The ablative expresses means, and the reason for it is because we have the expression of means accompanied by a reference to its source. Since the Holy Spirit is the source as well as the means this is a very unusual prepositional phrase.
The ablative of source always brings in the means. God the Holy Spirit who indwells us is also the one who creates the resurrection body that we will reside in when we stand before the Lord Jesus Christ for our evaluation after our exit resurrection.
Expanded Translation Rom 8:11; "Now if the Spirit from Him (God the Father) who has raised up Jesus from deaths (spiritual and physical) indwells you (and He does), he who raised Christ Jesus from deaths will also make alive your mortal bodies through the agency of his Spirit who resides in you."
This verse explains the principle that God the Holy Spirit plays a part in every phase of God's plan for every Church Age believer.
Rom 8:12; Starts with a negative approach. For believers who are positive toward doctrine and interested in honoring the Lord Jesus Christ the negative approach is not necessary, but there are some believers who don't seem to ever understand a positive command so it has to be presented to them with a negative.
"Then therefore, brethren, we are debtors." The verse begins with an inferential particle "ara" (then). It is a rare particle designed to impatiently express inference when it is combined with another inferential conjunction. So immediately following it is the more common word "oun" (therefore) that also expresses inference so we have "then therefore."
This rare construction seems to indicate Paul's frustration with how slow some believers are to understand what he is saying.
Then a vocative of address directed toward those who are described as "adelfos" (brothers). Here it is in the vocative plural so it refers to many brothers so it is translated "brethren." It refers to God's entire royal family so it could be legitimately translated as "royal family."
"Consequently, royal family." The royalty of the Lord Jesus Christ explains why we are in the Church Age. He is calling out a royal family for Himself. Next is a verb of clarification, the present active plural indicative of "eimi" (we are).
The present tense is a progressive present indicating a state of continuous action at the present time. The active voice: God's royal family that is comprised of all Church Age believers produces the action of the verb. The indicative mood represents the verbal action from the viewpoint of reality.
The word that follows will indicate just exactly why a negative command is necessary. The predicate nominative plural indicates that all believers are involved in this designation prior to a negative command.
The designation is the predicate nominative plural from "opheiletes" (indebted or obligated). This doesn't mean that we are in debt to God or that we owe God something.
It is much greater than that. The word "debt" doesn't fit well with the royal family connotation so it really has the connotation of obligation. We are debtors only in the sense of obligation, and royalty has always had obligation because to whom much is given much is required.
There are certain obligations or responsibilities that go with privilege and high rank and this is what Paul is describing. We have the highest rank and privilege in life because the moment that we believed in the Lord Jesus Christ we were not simply born again but we were born into God's royal family so we have great obligation and responsibility.
So this opening phrase introduces the negative obligation or responsibility of the Christian way of life that is related to the divorce from the first husband, the OSN and the marriage to Jesus Christ that occurred at salvation through the ministry of the baptism of the Holy Spirit.
"Not to the flesh or to live after the flesh" the negative adverb "ou" (not) denies the reality of the fact. The OSN alleges obligation after the divorce. This is a part of the influence of the OSN that resides inside of every believer's biological body that alleges that we have a responsibility to the OSN.
This is a lie because divorce means death, and death means no further obligation on the part of the wife, in this case the believer. The problem with the word "flesh, "sarx", is that we often think of the OSN as only being inside of us and isolated from everything else in life but it is not because the OSN demands obligation in all areas of biological life.
The word "to live" is a present active infinitive from "zao"(to live). "Zao" deals with our life and what we are. It refers to what makes up the real person.
The perfective present tense of "zao" (life) refers to the continuation of the existing results of positional truth the baptism of the Spirit. The active voice: the believer produces the negative obligation. The infinitive of intended results indicates the fulfillment of no obligation to the OSN.
This is also an infinitive in the Greek; with the definite article "ho" (the) the infinitive forms an Attic Greek idiom. The definite article "ho" that is normally translated "the" but as an infinitive it is translated "that" so we have "that we should live." Plus "kata"(according to) "sarx" (flesh), "according to the flesh."
Expanded Translation Rom 8:12; "Therefore, brethren, we are NOT obligated to the old sin nature, that we should live according to the flesh."