https://youtu.be/j8oco6P_SZ4
In our verse by verse study of Romans last time we completed our Expanded Translation Rom 8:27; "He (God the Father) who keeps searching the hearts knows what the thinking of the Spirit is, because according to God he makes intercession in behalf of saints (maturing believers)."
We noted that there is no article 'ho" in front of "saints" so it is anathrous referring to God's Royal Family as being the highest quality of "holiness."
We see here that the intercessory ministry of God the Holy Spirit on behalf of the mature believer in undeserved suffering meets all of the requirements of God's standard of perfection.
All intercession made by God the Holy Spirit that is completely compatible with the God's decree from eternity past.
God the Holy Spirit is perfect, therefore His intercession on behalf of maturing believers is also perfect. In addition God the Father always answers the prayers of God the Holy Spirit because they are in complete accord with the Father's plan, purpose and will.
God the Holy Spirit is always effective in His ministry of intercessory prayer on behalf of maturing believers. This intercession is responsible for turning the suffering of adversity in time into the grace blessing from God the Father in eternity.
Rom 8:28; "And we know that God causes all things to work together for good" begins the postpositive conjunctive particle "de" (and) that is used as a transitional conjunction. However, here this particle has still another usage that is more intensive and emphatic.
So we have to change the "and" up to something that is a little bit more intensive in the English translation so we will translate it "In fact." In this verse we are looking at something that is intensified to express its extreme importance.
Then the perfect tense of "oida" (know) that is in the indicative mood to express cognizance. The mature believer understands the principle. This is a perfective present tense that describes a fact of doctrine that has come to be understood in the past that is emphasized as a present reality.
In other words, "we know" explains that that those involved have confidence. The initial confidence is for blessing in time that with the relevant doctrine was developed into a second confidence, so that now this mature believer anticipates blessing in time with confidence from their PMA of God's Word of Truth.
Then the believer with confidence in God develops spiritual maturity from learning God's Word combined with enduring undeserved suffering for blessing where confident expectation from God is developed.
The third hope is not completed until it is converted by the relevant doctrine plus undeserved suffering. Then it becomes a hope. And with undeserved suffering that confidence results in the good that Rom 8:28 describes.
That is why it is in the perfect present tense. The active voice: the mature believer produces the action of the verb because he knows that he has the hope through knowledge combined with undeserved suffering. The indicative mood is declarative for a dogmatic statement of doctrinal fact that only mature believers can understand because of their situation,
Then comes the conjunction "hoti" (that) a word that is used after verbs of cognizance to express what is known: "We know that." Cognizance in doctrine is the assurance and security of the mature believer. Cognizance of doctrine is the basis for the mature believer's hope.
The whole purpose of being alive is so that we can come to the judgment seat of Christ and receive the blessings and rewards that Christ will convey to the mature believer for eternity.
Then comes the verb "agapo" (loving) with he dative plural indirect object from the definite article 'ho" (to those) that is used as a demonstrative pronoun that refers exclusively to mature believers who love God from their PMA of God's Word.
"To those," refers exclusively to mature believers because God only works all things together for good for mature believers because they have capacity to wait on God for it to happen.
The Greek verb is "agapo" (love) that means love in the sense of esteem or loving something. It is a reference to the mature believer's personal love for God and occupation with the person of Jesus Christ.
Only mature believers can actually love God. We are in the process of learning to love God but until we approach spiritual maturity and are consistently filled with the Spirit we do not have enough divine viewpoint thinking to love God. The Greek word order is "We know that to those who love the God."
This is a retroactive progressive present tense that refers to something that has started in the past that continues into the present. In other words, when you develop spiritual maturity you have capacity from doctrinal viewpoint to have love for God and to be occupied with the person of Jesus Christ.
Occupation with the person of Christ is the attitude and function of the mature believer. These are the ones who love God and therefore all things work together for good for them. This is personal love for God that is attained at the point of maturity adjustment to God's justice that continues throughout the status of spiritual maturity.
The active voice: the mature believer produces the action of the verb with capacity for love based on maximum doctrine resident in the soul. The participle is a circumstantial emphasizing the fact that this only applies to mature believers.
The accusative singular direct object that is the object of the mature believer's love is "Theos" (God) with the definite article making it monadic so it refers to "God the Father."
"All things work together for good" starts with the nominative neuter plural from the adjective "pas" (all) referring to all of the undeserved sufferings that combine with the other blessings of spiritual maturity.
These are blessings in time that are imputed by God. Never forget the principle that God can only bless the mature believer with suffering in time, and this suffering has a purpose of establishing confidence in the reality of blessings that the mature believer will receive from God in eternity.
The verb is the present active indicative of "synergeo" (work together) that means to cooperate with or act in synergy. The present tense is a customary present that describes what habitually occurs for the mature believer in undeserved suffering that may be reasonably expected to occur when living in a sin infused biological body in the devil's adverse world.
The active vice describes the "all things" of undeserved suffering as producing the action of the verb. The indicative mood is declarative for a dogmatic statement of doctrinal reality.
"for good" is the preposition "eis" (to, for or for the purpose of) with the accusative singular of "agapo" (good) so it is "for the purpose or for the object of good." "Agapo" is used for intrinsic good.
It is used here to describe intrinsic value in terms of the advantages, the privileges, and the rights from that hope of blessing from God in the eternal state.
There is no definite article making it anartharos so it emphasizes the quality of the good produced by God's plan for the believer.
From biological birth humanity has three hopes. The first hope is salvation, and that hope becomes a reality when one believes in the Lord Jesus Christ. The second hope is blessing from God in time, and this is for the believer only because it requires the imputation of God's perfect righteousness.
Each successive hope is replaced by a reality. The second hope is blessing in time, and as the believer advances to spiritual maturity there is blessing from God so it is no longer a hope because it is a reality.
That puts the believer into the third hope of blessing in eternity, but that will not become reality until the judgment seat of Christ following the exit resurrection of the Church at which time it becomes reality.
But right now in time all maturing believers in time are anticipating the third hope, and so this is for them because all things, including undeserved suffering and God is working all of those blessings together for good.
Combining Rom 8:28; with Rom 8:23-25; inserts the predicate of undeserved suffering at spiritual maturity. Biological birth is condemnation from spiritual death with the potential of salvation where hope is replaced by reality of faith in Christ and eternal life.
When hope for blessings from God in time is replaced by the reality of spiritual maturity there is a new hope of blessing from God in eternity that is the third hope that is the prosperity of blessing from God in eternity imputed to the eternal resurrection body.
The prosperity and undeserved suffering of spiritual maturity is a down payment that is the guarantee of eternal prosperity.
"to those who love God" is a dative plural indirect object from the definite article used as a demonstrative pronoun, calling special attention to the mature believer. The indirect object "ho" (those) refers exclusively to the mature believer who is the beneficiary so it is also a dative of advantage.
Plus the present active participle of "agapo" (love) that refers to personal love for God and, the mature believer's occupation with the person of Jesus Christ as their role model. The retroactive positional present tense describes what started in the past, at spiritual maturity, and continues into the present with awareness of the third hope.
The third hope is subject of Rom 8:28; The active voice: the mature believer produces the action of the verb as a result of developing maximum doctrine in the soul. The participle is circumstantial, emphasizing the fact that in this verse only applies to mature believers.
The accusative singular direct object of "Theos" (God) with the definite article "ho" (the) that emphasizes God the Father the author of God's unique plan for "those who love the God." To love the God is to know the God referring to the sum total of the God's attributes as well as His plan, purpose and will.
"to them who are the called" starts with the dative plural of advantage and indirect object from the definite article "ho" (them) used as a demonstrative pronoun.
The demonstrative pronoun calls special attention to mature believers. Next is the present active participle from "eimi" (being), that is a static present tense describing something that always exists.
The active voice: the mature believer produces the action of the verb here, though all believers are called because God has a plan for every believer. The participle is circumstantial for the fact that mature believers have acquired and deployed the doctrine under the principle of election. God desires every believer to attain this doctrinal status.
Plus the dative plural of "kletos" (called) that means "called to privilege." It is used technically to refer to the doctrine of election.
"according to his purpose" the preposition "kata" (according) plus the accusative singular of "prothesis" (purpose), referring to both the purpose and plan of God and a good translation is "according to a predetermined plan."
Next is the present active participle from "eimi" (being), that is a static present tense describing something that always exists.
The active voice: the mature believer produces the action of the verb here, though all believers are elected and called for the same purpose.
The participle is circumstantial for the fact that mature believers are under the principle of election, as are all believers "to those who are." Plus the dative plural of "kletos" (called) that means "called to special privilege." It is used technically to refer to the doctrine of election.
"according to his purpose" the preposition "kata" (according) plus the accusative singular of "prothesis" (purpose), referring to both purpose and plan of God. The word "His" is added by the English translators so a better translation is "according to a predetermined plan."
Notice the similarity between this and "the all things." of Eph 1:11;
Expanded Translation Rom 8:28; "We know in fact that to those who love the God (mature believers), all things work together for the purpose of good to those who are the called ones according to the predetermined plan."