https://youtu.be/AeYV-VSzQt8
In our study of Romans we are in Rom 9:24; where we stopped on the word "Kaleo" (He called) that is in the aorist tense, active voice, indicative mood is one of the verbs for the doctrine of election. It also is related to the doctrine of God's decree.
The constantive aorist tense views the action of the verb in its entirety so it describes the formation of believers in the category of election in the printout of God's decree.
So far we have (whom he also has called). The active voice explains that God produced the action of the verb in eternity past when His omniscience knew everyone who would believe in the Lord Jesus Christ. The indicative mood is a dogmatic statement of the absolute truth of doctrinal reality. The word refers to both God's decree and the printout of election from the decree in human history.
The printout of believers includes election that applies to every human free agent who would exercise non-meritorious free positive volition at God-consciousness and gospel hearing.
Omniscience knows everything so God knew everyone who would believe in Jesus Christ and they all were fed into God's decree in the categories of called, elected and foreordained or predestined.
That means the election is the category of the printout for every believer in Jesus Christ for the entire duration of human history in the devil's world.
Next we have the objective negative "ou" (not) plus the neuter "monon" (only or alone) as a limiting adverb so it is translated (not only) with the preposition "ek" (from or out of) plus the plural from "Ioudaios" (Jews) that is translated in the NASB (not from among the Jews only).
With the adversative conjunction "alla" (but) that indicates that this principle is not limited to the Jews, it includes the entire human race, in contrast to the Jews; then the adjunctive use of the conjunction "kai" (also) with "ek" (from, out from, or out of) with the plural of "ethnos" (Gentiles).
Expanded Translation Rom 9:24; "Whom also he has elected, not only out of Jews, but also out of Gentiles."
In this verse I like "ek" translated as "out of or out from" better than "from" because this is God creating a spiritually alive new spiritual species out of the spiritually dead biological human race on the basis of faith in Jesus Christ.
This tells us that the vessels of mercy include both Jews and Gentiles who are born again through faith in the Lord Jesus Christ. The context deals with a principle that only those Jews who believe in Jesus Christ will be the recipients of God's eternal promises to Israel because the promises only apply to the spiritual seed of Abraham who receive God's perfect judicial righteousness and eternal life imputed at salvation.
In the dispensation of Israel many Jews and also many Gentiles received salvation adjustment to God's justice by believing in the Lord God. That was how they perceived Jesus Christ at the time (Gen 15:6;).
But also many went through the great blackout of the soul whereby you can actually erase or blot out from rational thought the implications of Jesus' first advent.
In these three verses the protasis of the first class condition is presented but there is no corresponding apodosis. The missing apodosis can only mean one thing.
If a Jew completes the apodosis from Paul's rationale in his thinking the only rational option is to believe in Jesus Christ. But of he still refuses to finish the sentence by believing in Jesus Christ he by his irrational thinking makes himself a victim of the great blackout of the soul that erases or blots out the implications Jesus' first advent from his thinking.
The ellipsis indicates Paul's emotional involvement with the Jews because Paul had a great burden for them.
Instead of presenting the apodosis Paul immediately starts quoting from the TANAKH to document his rationale. He uses the protasis of a first class condition and then skips the apodosis because if you are following the protasis the rational Jewish unbeliever is forced by logic to make his own free decision to believe in Jesus Christ.
If he believes he will fill in the apodosis by believing in Jesus Christ; if he does not believe he rejects Jesus Christ as savior and because of the blackout of his soul he never will believe so Paul goes directly into documentation from the TANAKH to use the scripture that the Jews regarded as sacred to emphasize his point and hammer it home.
Along with the elect remnant of Israel God's purpose was also to call out and elect a group of Gentiles as a people for His name. So this is not wasted on the Gentiles because a Gentile can also follow the reasoning here and fill in the blank by believing in Jesus Christ or not.
To fill in the blank as a Gentile you believe in Jesus Christ, but if as a Gentile you reject Jesus Christ then you also do not complete the sentence. So he says, at the end of the protasis that this is for the Jew but it is also the Gentile,
One of the responsibilities of Israel as God's priest nation was to function as missionaries to evangelize the Gentiles with the result that in every generation of the dispensation of Israel Gentiles were saved.
Seeing the Jewish animal sacrifices, the function of the Jewish Levitical priesthood, and the Holy Day observances made sense to some of them so they also believed in the Lord God.
Understanding Paul's protasis in the first class condition through Jewish symbols saved many Gentiles. Paul as the apostle to the Gentiles continues this function in the Church Age indicating once again that this information is for the Jews but it is also for the Gentiles.
In fact, shortly after Paul's death the Jewish nation of Judea was terminated under the fifth cycle of discipline so it no longer to served as a client nation to God but would be punished under the fifth cycle of discipline that introduced the times of the Gentiles.
The first Gentile client nation would be the Roman Empire so Paul was a transitional person. During the times of the Gentiles only a Gentile nation can function as God's client nation. No Jewish nation will serve as a priest or client nation until the Millennium after the second advent of Jesus Christ.
Paul is the last and greatest of the Jewish missionary evangelists. He became the missionary to the Gentiles as part of God's preparation for the times of the Gentiles.
Verses 25-29 contain documentation from the TANAKH. Each reference brings out something that every believer needs to understand. This is Old Testament documentation regarding the transfer of the client nation function from the Jews to the Gentiles.
Rom 9:25; quotes Hosea 2:23, "And I will sow her for myself in the land; and I will have mercy upon her that had not obtained mercy; and I will say to those who were not My people, you are my people; and they will say, You are my God." Net note 76
In verse 25 the word "Osee" is the Greek way of saying Hosea. There is no "h" in the Greek, just a rough breathing, so the Greek is a transliteration of the Hebrew leaving out the rough breathing.
The recorded message of Hosea deals with Israel as an unfaithful wife who runs away from God.
The Greek begins with a comparative particle "hos" (as), picks up on a previous statement or idea. " Then the adjunctive use of the conjunction "kai" (and or also) with "en ho Osee" (in the Hosea) followed by the present active indicative of the verb "lego" (he says or communicates)."
"Lego" (he says) is in the durative present tense so it describes what started in the past and continues into the present time. The active voice: God (from verse 22) produces the action of the verb through the prophet Hosea.
The indicative mood is declarative for the absolute truth of doctrinal reality from God's written canon of scripture in the TANACH.
Paul references the last half of the verse in Hosea 2:23; "And I will say to those who are not my people (the Gentiles), you are my people..." In other words, this prophetical passage describes a future time in history when God's client nation would be comprised of Gentiles.
A time when the Jews will no longer have the privilege and the opportunity of presenting the gospel, of enjoying the freedom that comes from the Divine Establishment principles enshrined in the Mosaic Law, the teaching doctrine to believers, and of fulfilling their evangelistic missionary function to the nations.
The time is coming when the priest nation function will be turned over to the Gentiles. "... and they will say, You are my God." Paul quotes this part from Hosea 2:23; but He does not quote the phrase before or after the quote.
The first part: "Therefore I sow her for myself in the land" is a Millennial reference so he did not quote it. It is dealing with the Jews after they have been restored to the land after the Second Advent when Israel will again have the privilege of being God's client nation during the Millennium and forever.
The first phrase of the sentence indicates, "I have to restore you because you have been canceled. There is going to come a time when I am going to have to cancel you as a client nation" that would come after the first advent because of their negative volition to Jesus Christ.
But they will be restored, the times of the Gentiles terminates with the Second Advent described by the second left-out phrase at the end of the verse: "I will love tenderly the one not being loved (from the Hebrew)."
This is a reference to the restoration of Israel at the Second Advent. So on each side of what Paul quotes in Rom 9:25; we have a reference to the Second Advent. At the present time no Jewish nation can be a client nation to God.
One of the most important things a believer needs to understand id what time is it in God's plan.
There will be a Jewish client nation to God in the future when Jesus Christ gathers the scattered believing Jews at the end of the Tribulation and forms a nation after the Second Advent when the Jews have recognized that Jesus Christ was the one who came and they rejected in the first advent,
There are four chapters in Zechariah that describe this. They will look on Him whom they have pierced. These are Jews who believe during the Tribulation and they are going into the Millennium as God's client nation.
Hosea 2:23; is a rare prophecy that includes both Jews and Gentiles together. It is Paul's first documentation of salvation for both and it also explains that God will have client nations that are comprised of Gentiles.
In Rom 9:25; the literal Greek translation says, "I will call the not people of me people of me." This starts with the future active indicative of "kaleo" (I will call) that as we have already seen is also used to describe election. It means, "I will elect." It is used here to explain that we are now past the first advent so it is historical.
Then we have "ton ou laon mou laon mou," that translated literally is, (the not people of me people of me). However, the accusative singular definite article "ton" (the) is used here as a demonstrative pronoun.
As a demonstrative pronoun it combines with the relative pronoun to refer to Gentiles so we translate it, "those who are not my people" in the context of the TANAKH that refers to the Gentiles.
The possessive genitive singular from the personal pronoun "ego" (my) describes belonging to God. God possesses everyone who believes at the moment we believe in Jesus Christ. Gal 3:26;
Rom 9:25; We also have the accusative singular direct object "laon: (people) referring to the Gentiles. In the Hebrew the Jews called the gentiles "goi". In the Greek they used "ethnon" (from ethnos)(), to describe Gentiles. They are called "laon" (people) here because the Gentiles who believe in Jesus Christ are also God's people and they are going to function as God's client nations.
Next we have "kai" (and) " "ho" (the) with the negative "ou" (not) with the prefect passive participle of "agapao" (loved) so we have "not being loved or receiving love." The perfect tense is the intensive perfect that emphasizes completed results.
The completed action is the administration of the fifth cycle of discipline on the Jews in Judea in 70 AD because of their rejection of Jesus Christ as their Messiah after God gave them an additional forty years to change their mind.
But during those forty years, even though they had intensified evangelism, they still rejected Jesus Christ. That resulted in the times of the Gentiles where God's client nations are not Jewish.
The passive voice: the Jewish nation receives the action of the verb that is negative during the times of the Gentiles. The participle is circumstantial expressing the circumstances of the times of the Gentiles that also explains the blindness of the Jews.
Then again the perfect passive participle from the verb "agapao" (love) again in the passive voice so it describes being loved or receiving love.
The dramatic perfect is the rhetorical use of the intensive perfect that emphasizes the results of God's transfer of function to the Gentiles during the times of the Gentiles
Expanded Translation Rom 9:25;"As he has also communicated in Hosea (Hosea. 2:23), I will call those who are not my people (the Gentiles), my people (client nations are formed only by Gentiles); and those who have not been loved (Gentiles in the Age of Israel as those who have been loved (Gentile client nations during the times of the Gentiles.)